Fragility functions for local failure mechanisms in unreinforced masonry buildings: a typological study in Ferrara, Italy

Abstract Unreinforced masonry buildings undergoing seismic actions often exhibit local failure mechanisms which represent a serious life-safety hazard, as recent strong earthquakes have shown. Compared to new buildings, older unreinforced are more vulnerable, not only because they been designed without or with limited loading requirements, but also horizontal structures and connections amid the walls always effective. Also, Out-Of-Plane (OOP) can be caused by significant slenderness of even if The purpose this paper is derive typological fragility functions for considering OOP mechanisms. In case slender good material properties, response modeled reference an assembly rigid bodies rocking motion. particular, depending on its configuration, wall assumed either single body simple one-sided system two coupled along their common edge. A set 44 ground motions from earthquake events occurred 1972 2017 in Italy used study. likelihood collapse calculated via Multiple Stripe Analysis (MSA) given specific Then, suitably combined define function class buildings. procedure applied historical aggregate city center Ferrara (Italy) developed research helpful tool assessing damage economic losses regional scale.